PIERRE-AUGUSTE RENOIR (1841-1919)Baigneuse signed 'Renoir' (lower right)oil on canvas27.7 x 23cm (10 7/8 x 9 1/16in).Painted in 1916Footnotes:This work will be included in the forthcoming Pierre-Auguste Renoir Digital Catalogue Raisonné, currently being prepared under the sponsorship of the Wildenstein Plattner Institute, Inc.ProvenanceGalerie Durand-Ruel, Paris.Paul Vallotton, Lausanne, no. 7754.Galerie Tanner, Zurich.Private collection, Switzerland (acquired from the above); their sale, Sotheby's, London, 27 June 1990, lot 103.Anon. sale, Sotheby's, London, 4 December 1996, lot 119.Private collection, Europe (acquired at the above sale); their sale, Christie's, London, 21 June 2006, lot 222.Private collection, UK (acquired at the above sale).LiteratureA. Vollard, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Tableaux, Pastels et Dessins, San Francisco, 1989, no. 1373 (illustrated p. 287).G-P. & M. Dauberville, Renoir, Catalogue raisonné des tableaux, pastels, dessins et aquarelles, Vol. V, 1911-1919 & 1er Supplément, Paris, 2014, no. 4373 (illustrated p. 445).Baigneuse was painted around 1916, at a time when Pierre-Auguste Renoir was deeply invested in exploring the theme of the female nude within a natural environment. The artist sought inspiration from the French and Italian Masters, such as Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780-1867) and Raphael (1483-1520), whose paintings captivated him during his 1881 tour of Italy. Renoir's motivation stemmed not only from a desire to cement his legacy in art history alongside his heroes, but also to offer a more expressive alternative to the polished, idealised nudes of academic painters such William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905). Renoir's devotion to the subject was remarked upon by Berthe Morisot (1841-1895), who wrote in her journal in 1886: '[Renoir] is a draftsman of the first rank [...] He tells me that the nude is absolutely indispensable as an art form' (G. Muehsam (ed.), French Painters and Paintings from the Fourteenth Century to Post-Impressionism: A Library of Art Criticism, New York, 1970, p. 513).Baigneuse depicts a nude woman stepping into an inviting blue stream, her back turned toward the viewer, her arms raised delicately to balance her passage through the reeds. While her posture grants fluidity and movement to the composition, the soft transitions of light and shadow across her skin give it a lifelike texture. The rouge of her left cheek is echoed within the delicate pink accents that appear across her figure, sensuously evoking her youthful vitality and perhaps her reaction to the coolness of the water. These honest and tender details generate a wonderful fusion of spontaneity and intimacy – an evocative framework by which to celebrate the sensuality and grace of the female form. Typical of his mature style, Renoir employs softer, more fluid brushstrokes and a warm, luminous colour palette. The play of light across the bather's skin conjures a golden radiance, while the more loosely worked water and vegetation, with their cooler tones, swathe her within an atmospheric veil. Nude women being enveloped by nature was a key artistic motif for Renoir, who was fascinated with the harmonious relationship between humanity and nature. He took his cue from his more classical forbears, such as Titian (c. 1488-1576) and Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640), who frequently portrayed nudes within mythological or pastoral contexts. For Renoir, this trope was key to achieving his certain sense of joie de vivre – inviting the viewer into idyllic and pleasurable scenes that offer a retreat from the rapidly industrialising world outside.'Hymns to light and colour, to youth and life', Renoir's female nudes stand among the most celebrated works of Impressionist art (G. Muehsam, op. cit., p. 516). Indeed, the present work boasts an important early pedigree, with its first documented owner being Galerie Durand-Ruel, an institution that played a pivotal role in the promotion and success of Impressionist artists. Paul Durand-Ruel (1831-1922) was a visionary art dealer who recognised the potential of Renoir and his contemporaries at a time when their work was often met with scepticism from critics. His early support and international promotion of the Impressionists was critical in securing their enduring recognition. Baigneuse was subsequently owned by the esteemed Lausanne gallerist, Paul Vallotton (1864-1936). Like Durand-Ruel, his discerning taste and critical influence played a key role in the circulation and appreciation of Impressionist and Modern Art. More recently, the present work has remained in the same private UK collection for almost two decades. As a tender and luminous evocation of Renoir's devotion to nature and the female form, Baigneuse represents a remarkable example of the most pure and expressive work of his mature period.For further information on this lot please visit Bonhams.com