A RARE CHINESE UNDERGLAZE RED 'DRAGON' BOWL 1ST HALF 16TH CENTURY The gently flared body decorated with two scaly dragons chasing flaming pearls of wisdom against an incised wave ground, the centre with a slight recess and painted with two further dragons in pursuit of sacred jewels, with simple red bands to the rim and tapering foot, the slightly convex base with a six character Xuande mark and labels for R H R Palmer, The Oriental Ceramic Society 1950 Exhibition, and F O S & M M Dobell, 21cm. Provenance: Bluett & Sons, 29th September 1944, purchased by R H R Palmer for £30, collection no.584; sold at Sotheby's London, 27th November 1962, lot 21, and again on 24th March 1964, lot 86, purchased by Bluett & Sons for £220 on behalf of F O S and M M Dobell, no.48, and thence by descent. Exhibited: The Oriental Ceramic Society Ming Polychrome Exhibition, 1950, no.133. Illustrated: S Jenyns, Ming Pottery and Porcelain, 1953, pl.49A, and p.55, where this bowl is discussed. Also illustrated in The Transactions of the Oriental Ceramic Society, vol.20, pl.24, and p.49 where it is discussed.. Cf. The Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, museum accession no.C.27-1978 for an almost identical bowl dated to the Ming dynasty donated by Dr Sydney Smith; see also the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, object no.B60P1220 for another Ming bowl of the same design from the Avery Brundage Collection; another identical bowl sold at Christie's London, 21st March 1966, lot 68 to Sydney L Moss, it sold again at Christie's New York, 16th September 2010, lot 1405, ex Dr William L Corbin Collection, and at Beijing Poly in 2013, lot 1435, where it was catalogued as Ming. THE PALMER DRAGON BOWL This rare, elegantly shaped bowl is striking for is lively painting of striding dragons pursuing flaming pearls amidst anhua waves and above rocks. The designs were first incised, then the dragons were applied with copper colorant and, finally, the bowl was covered with a colourless glaze. The anhua designs are only faintly visible, shadowed by the deep red of the dragons, pearls and flames. The dating of these bowls has been long debated and remains controversial, with opinions differing between a mid Ming and Kangxi attribution. Two smaller bowls, with similar dragons and Kangxi marks but no anhua decoration are in the British Museum, one in the Percival David Collection, the other donated in 1926 by C T Loo. Another smaller bowl, with a typical Lang Tingji (Governor of Jiangxi province, 1705-1712) Kangxi mark, is in the Shanghai Museum. However the larger Xuande marked bowls, such as this Palmer/Dobell piece, differ in several important aspects from the Kangxi examples. All have gentle flared rims, with a single line drawn to the inside edge, central design (usually inward facing double dragons, chasing pearls), and a recessed base. The Kangxi pieces have straighter rims with plain, undecorated interiors, and no base recess. Elements of the dragon designs, such as the elbow hair, and body and tail fins, are executed differently on the Xuande mark pieces when compared to the Kangxi examples. The foot is wide, the inside base is convex and, where the glaze meets the biscuit, the edges have burnt a strong orange. The Kangxi pieces have a narrower foot, the inside bases are usually flat, and the burning to the glaze edges are less pronounced. The Xuande mark was first copied in the Chenghua period and is seen again in the Zhengde period. The style and calligraphic strokes used, size and spacing of the Xuande mark on this bowl is very similar to that seen Imperial Zhengde pieces such as those in the Gugong Museum, Beijing. See for examples ‘Mingdai Hongzhi Zhengde Yuyao Cigi. Jingdezhen Yuyao Yizhi Chutu Yu Gugong Bowuyuan Cang Chuanshi Ciqi Dubiai’ - ‘Imperial Porcelain from the Reign of Hongzhi and Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty. A Comparison of Porcelain from the Imperial Kiln Site at Jingdezhen and the Imperial Collection of the Palace Museum’, Beijing, 2017, vol.2, catalogue numbers 222/223 and 248/249, together with a partiality reconstructed dish with incised dragon amongst waves in green and red glaze, excavated at the Imperial kiln site, Zhushan, in 2014, catalogue numbers 271. The drawing of the mark is very different to that seen on Kangxi period Xuande copies. For examples see two Kangxi period monochrome stem bowls, both with very well written Xuande marks, along with a Kangxi period bowl copying Xuande lotus scrolls in underglazed red, with an apocryphal Xuande mark, all in the Shanghai Museum. Prior to the Dobell Collection, this bowl belonged to a highly important English collector of Chinese art: R H R Palmer (1898-1970), chairmen of Huntley and Palmers who started collecting in 1924, and along with his wife built an outstanding collection consisting Ming and Qing porcelain, jade, ivory and lacquer. 十六世紀 釉里紅趕珠龍紋碗《大明宣德年製》青花楷書款來源:1944年9月29日由R H R Palmer以£30的價格購於Bluett & Son,收藏編號584。蘇富比倫敦1962年11月27日·編號21, 1964年3月24日·編號86 由Bluett & Son代F O S 及M M Dobell以£220,編號48。